{"blocks":[{"key":"4bqv0","text":"我觉得组里可能还有很多尚在校园的同学,以下采摘内容算是我实践过有效的,希望能对更多人有帮助。","type":"unstyled","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[],"entityRanges":[],"data":{}},{"key":"1c9tf","text":"(题外话,学生时代学习很重要但是刷题令nt型本能的厌烦,要找办法解决啊,毕竟人生大事)","type":"unstyled","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[],"entityRanges":[],"data":{}},{"key":"fhsb7","text":" ","type":"atomic","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[],"entityRanges":[{"offset":0,"length":1,"key":0}],"data":{}},{"key":"3qllc","text":"","type":"unstyled","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[],"entityRanges":[],"data":{}},{"key":"4gotu","text":"第一种,原文转自贴吧 http://tieba.baidu.com/p/4969341204 ","type":"unstyled","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[],"entityRanges":[{"offset":11,"length":35,"key":1}],"data":{}},{"key":"e4gpl","text":" 最近才了解荣格性格测试,发现自己是如此准确的INTP,结果刚进贴吧发现这里哀鸿遍野,还有各种诸如社交恐惧症这种问题或者偏见。我在知乎的同名帐号也发现不少这样的问题,所以在知乎写了一个关于INTP的学习方法的文章,这里也分享给大家。真的,身为一个怪异的INTP,知道自己并不孤单真是一种美妙的感觉,也希望你们都能和我一样过的更好。","type":"unstyled","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[],"entityRanges":[],"data":{}},{"key":"5dhjj","text":"————————————————这是分割线————————————————","type":"unstyled","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[],"entityRanges":[],"data":{}},{"key":"56qer","text":"同样是INTP-T,极性高达90的典型INTP,同样怀疑过自己有ADHD的我,却一直都是学霸,最后顺利在高考以全奖学金考入香港科技大学,跟你分享一些我个人的适合INTP使用的学习心得。\n","type":"unstyled","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[],"entityRanges":[],"data":{}},{"key":"5t27s","text":"首先,我要说我跟你的情况是很相似的,高中一开始还好,我还觉得课程很有趣能跟我的思维模式稍微合拍。然而到后面根本没办法跟着老师的思路听课,尤其是复习阶段,那种繁琐和机械性的重复简直让人发疯,思维容易转向。我还有曾经在物理课上无聊地玩电子词典里俄罗斯方块(真的是无聊到这种地步),被老师叫家长的传奇经历。\n","type":"unstyled","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[],"entityRanges":[],"data":{}},{"key":"fllbn","text":"然而很快我就意识到,不复习是不行的,知识掌握的熟练度不够,考试拿高分简直是天方夜谭。翻书时候觉得自己什么都懂,考试时候不是粗心大意就是突然发现某个知识点根本没注意过。\n","type":"unstyled","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[],"entityRanges":[],"data":{}},{"key":"dij5","text":"后来我开始尝试了一种学习法,后来我发现这简直就是为我们INTP量身定做的学习法,那就是虚拟教学法。我开始试着给我的弱科准备一个笔记本,然后想象自己是老师,要依照课本准备一本讲义。这个过程我发现自己特别有动力,因为准备讲义的实质是将书本的知识点系统化的过程,而INTP最喜欢的就是把抽象凌乱的东西系统化,加上INTP有独特的共情思维,每次把自己想象成自己的学生去读自己的讲义,能准确发现哪些东西还没理清。每次考试丢分了,我就再考察自己的知识树哪里有漏洞,马上翻到课本和资料对应部分马上补。\n","type":"unstyled","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[],"entityRanges":[],"data":{}},{"key":"1t0v3","text":"最后我把语文、英语、历史等科目全都在笔记本里总结成了清晰明了的知识树,知识点到了如臂指使的地步,然后做模拟卷就全部碾压了。最后一年我基本上理科的课上就在做奥赛题,文科就边听课边想着老师讲的我的讲义里覆盖到没,归纳的怎么样,相当充实而有效。\n","type":"unstyled","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[],"entityRanges":[],"data":{}},{"key":"aqjrd","text":"高考结束,我把我辛苦做的笔记和这个学习法分享给自己关系好的后辈,结果发现他们没有一个能成功复制我的成功,现在我的高中还流传着某个不怎么努力就一路学霸的传奇╮(╯_╰)╭ (INTP在搜索最优解上占了绝大部分努力,而这部分努力他们看不出来)。之后我就意识到这种学习法只有INTP能用好,其他学习习惯的人根本没法把这么规模庞大的知识系统化整理的能力。\n","type":"unstyled","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[],"entityRanges":[],"data":{}},{"key":"c2voa","text":"记得我们INTP是天才,不用强求自己跟着那些J们的步调,更不是什么ADHD那种所谓的病。我们是系统最强的构建者,天生的出色的老师,遇到实在打不起精神的事情,就学着去教它,人生立刻充满精彩。我们需要找到自己人生必须客服的难关里面的逻辑部分和需要系统化的部分,就能把兴趣调动起来,然后我们的表现就像开了挂一样,可以把这件事不眠不休的做好。我用这种思维方法,克服了不少事业和社交上的困难,找回了生活的热情。\n","type":"unstyled","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[],"entityRanges":[],"data":{}},{"key":"dajl3","text":"现在的我,虽然一如既往内心孤独,但是在学业上依然出色,社交上能跟大部分接触的人保持一定的亲密关系(虽然互相不能成为挚友,但从不结仇);除了虽然很帅却没女朋友,没啥对生活不满意的地方了(。ò ∀ ó。)我个人是觉得,作为一个INTP,是值得骄傲的地方,既能深入逻辑的极致,又能平衡复杂的人际关系,只不过,管理我们庞大的思维广度和深度,需要高超的技巧罢了,就像最有威力的核弹,不能用一架飞机随便扔一样(「・ω・)「嘿 ","type":"unstyled","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[],"entityRanges":[],"data":{}},{"key":"18knm","text":" 最后加上一点面对社交恐惧症的心得。我小时候也对社交给反感,对跟不熟悉的人交流有恐惧感。最后我在高中基本克服了这些问题,方法就是:\n","type":"unstyled","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[],"entityRanges":[],"data":{}},{"key":"9b4f7","text":"去多读历史,必须站在更高的维度去看待芸芸众生。\n","type":"unstyled","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[],"entityRanges":[],"data":{}},{"key":"8suep","text":"我记得当初我的社交能力几乎跟读的历史量成同步线性增长。我发现历史上再牛逼的人也不过如此,大部分人都是如此容易理解,从我深邃的目光可以轻易穿透他们薄薄的脑壳,然后我就不怕他们了,就像你不会惧怕面前的一堆小鸡仔。恐惧来源于无知,对社交反感甚至恐惧仅仅是因为你不了解人类。\n","type":"unstyled","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[],"entityRanges":[],"data":{}},{"key":"1odia","text":"现在我需要跟陌生人交流,都会很轻松地高兴地倾听和互动,表现出一副跟感兴趣的样子,不轻易发表评论。心里想的是,确实,愚蠢有这么多种,真是很有趣呢哈哈哈。这就是INTP最终达观的境界,不过也可能是我一直找不到想追的女孩的原因吧。先说好,想学这招,后果自负。 ","type":"unstyled","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[],"entityRanges":[],"data":{}},{"key":"2fl7e","text":"第二种,转自知乎:","type":"unstyled","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[],"entityRanges":[],"data":{}},{"key":"2srmg","text":" 作者:鹿剑\n链接:https://www.zhihu.com/question/287143873/answer/680586451 \n来源:知乎\n著作权归作者所有。商业转载请联系作者获得授权,非商业转载请注明出处。\n","type":"unstyled","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[],"entityRanges":[],"data":{}},{"key":"cfmc9","text":"是INTP。","type":"unstyled","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[],"entityRanges":[],"data":{}},{"key":"79tvn","text":"对学习应试知识极其不耐烦的那种。学习模式经常是:■■■■■■■■■□","type":"unstyled","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[],"entityRanges":[],"data":{}},{"key":"422sv","text":"经常是90%时间的拖延,然后最后10%时间极限超强发挥的状态。","type":"unstyled","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[],"entityRanges":[],"data":{}},{"key":"a653j","text":"为了保证自己能够在90%时间里拖延并且10%时间内解决掉应试所需知识、技能,曾经无数次从元认知角度,去研究自己是怎么学习的,并且刻意为之。不过推导出来的学习方法并不实用,还不如一开始随便学学……不过无论这条路有多无益,至少我搞清楚了最适合自己的学习模式。","type":"unstyled","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[{"offset":64,"length":4,"style":"BOLD"}],"entityRanges":[],"data":{}},{"key":"6ag0h","text":"得到了几点个人经验:","type":"unstyled","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[],"entityRanges":[],"data":{}},{"key":"dbusa","text":"第一件事,不要用目标驱动完全代替知识模型。意思就是,不要老想试卷考什么,就只去掌握什么。尽管应试教育是应试教育,但是实际上它能够考察的点并不极度狭隘,尤其这几年灵活命题,高频考点之外还会注重低频考点的考察。","type":"unstyled","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[{"offset":26,"length":18,"style":"BOLD"}],"entityRanges":[],"data":{}},{"key":"7cft5","text":"而INTP真正的优势在于对抽象模型的理解力,和知识体系的建构能力。而非像是FJ/TJ一样用Ni-Te模式精准押考点并且事件化处理。当你相关的知识模型足够完备的时候,它横着考竖着考都没问题。很多INTP某一科目不好的实质原因其实是没有建立起完整、精准、有效的内化模型,高中的学习如果过于零散,过于题目导向就有可能导致这种情况,于是会有数学很差的逻辑学家(INTP)。","type":"unstyled","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[{"offset":119,"length":13,"style":"BOLD"}],"entityRanges":[],"data":{}},{"key":"913vi","text":"唔,我刚刚提到了我9比1(大误)的学习模式吧,但事实上,我高中学得极其完美的科目,基本在9的那部分我已经无意识构建了非常完备的知识模型,1就只是很随便的迁移了。构建模型,寻找普遍规律,不断抽象对INTP绝不是负担……要是觉得负担的话,就随便把这个知识往你喜欢的方向处理抽象。","type":"unstyled","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[],"entityRanges":[],"data":{}},{"key":"2gel","text":"——","type":"unstyled","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[],"entityRanges":[],"data":{}},{"key":"1rghr","text":"第二件事,思考的时候要放轻松。这点可能完全是我的个人之痛,之前为了效率学习而采用了目标导向模式,并且进入压力状态,以至于思维偏J……这完全是违背自己的思维习惯的。","type":"unstyled","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[{"offset":12,"length":2,"style":"BOLD"}],"entityRanges":[],"data":{}},{"key":"4rr96","text":"人类的思维模式分为两种。专注模式和发散模式。前者会不由自主地通向自己最熟悉的道路,而后者更像是弹球,思维更加无序而又创造力。而INTP/INFP由于发达的Ne功能,是更偏向于后者的。后者不直指目的,但是思维在无数种可能性里跳动的同时,总是能够找到最有效的方法和新想法。","type":"unstyled","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[],"entityRanges":[],"data":{}},{"key":"16k1c","text":"作为TP应该经常有这种感受吧,比较放松心态比较悠闲的时候反而考得更好。这就是Ne的作用,也是发散思考的作用。","type":"unstyled","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[],"entityRanges":[],"data":{}},{"key":"61vr0","text":"发散模式不代表不专注,注意力还是耽于任务本身,但是要思维触角要适当地发散开来不断寻找相关的知识链结。过度紧张会抑制这种思考模式,或者是让Ne失控,产生我什么都在想但是就是不想题的状况。","type":"unstyled","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[{"offset":40,"length":9,"style":"BOLD"}],"entityRanges":[],"data":{}},{"key":"4oug8","text":"所以INTP考试是依赖状态的,而且经常看起来轻轻松松地就可以拿到很好成绩。别误会,他们紧紧张张地反而容易发挥失常。","type":"unstyled","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[],"entityRanges":[],"data":{}},{"key":"ff68j","text":"这条不是鼓励add。注意力仍应适度集中,有利于Ti发挥。","type":"unstyled","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[],"entityRanges":[],"data":{}},{"key":"6vtll","text":"——","type":"unstyled","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[],"entityRanges":[],"data":{}},{"key":"bod3e","text":"第三点就是学习错觉。INTP是很容易产生自己是天才的错觉的,比如我那个9比1的学习模式,我当时是真的觉得自己90%的时间都在浪(但其实没有),绝大部分的时间我是在构建模型内化理解,并不是真的如自己和别人想的一样没干活哈。","type":"unstyled","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[{"offset":81,"length":29,"style":"BOLD"}],"entityRanges":[],"data":{}},{"key":"3l62h","text":"但是模型内化理解有个毛病,就是容易高度理论化,然后眼高手低。因为所见到的所有知识都在自己的理论框架里被完美解释了就觉得“哎呀其实我觉得我都会啦(´゚ω゚`)”。","type":"unstyled","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[{"offset":15,"length":15,"style":"BOLD"}],"entityRanges":[],"data":{}},{"key":"f3onv","text":"但其实学习是有划分的。有知识、技能以至于能力。理论体系化和理解之后可能只是知识,而能否运用是技能的问题。这个就像是你可能背了很多单词,但是都不会用一样。但是很容易就会因为这些单词看起来都认得就以为自己都会……如果想要会使用那个单词,那么,就得去刻意练习使用它,而不是满足于能够列举出它的所有对应解释和发音词源。就像是如果你在课堂上能够听懂甚至再叙述所有数学老师的讲课内容,最后发下来的题你也不一定会做一样。所以刻意练习是刻意练习技能,是刻意练习能力。如同评论区提醒的一样,适度的过度练习是有益的。但是练习方式一定要恰当。不要舍本逐末,因为错误的方式而毁掉了本身的经验框架。","type":"unstyled","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[{"offset":122,"length":4,"style":"BOLD"},{"offset":203,"length":22,"style":"BOLD"}],"entityRanges":[],"data":{}},{"key":"bhau0","text":"此处推荐一本讲练习技巧的书《刻意练习》。","type":"unstyled","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[],"entityRanges":[],"data":{}},{"key":"a6v6","text":"……不过大部分INTP的问题在于压根懒得练习(´゚ω゚`)外面还有知识的海洋呢。我为什么要呆在这蹉跎我的青春~","type":"unstyled","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[],"entityRanges":[],"data":{}},{"key":"1a5gr","text":"——","type":"unstyled","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[],"entityRanges":[],"data":{}},{"key":"54kgq","text":"第四点:P不一定是坏事,因为随意,因为懒,有时候会不断找捷径。","type":"unstyled","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[{"offset":28,"length":2,"style":"BOLD"}],"entityRanges":[],"data":{}},{"key":"ep3bl","text":"懒是第一生产力。(x)INTP是非常乐意寻找新方法的类型,至少我是,不断地寻找最有效的最优解,然后能让学习啊、应试的效率变得高起来。","type":"unstyled","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[],"entityRanges":[],"data":{}},{"key":"6f9g7","text":"虽然很多时候寻找花费了更时间。…但是做人嘛。开心最重要嘛。在此我不评价这个做法的好坏:毕我小学的时候编了一个小程序用于计算一整个类型的应用题来偷懒,最后导致我机械运算的能力很差。数学整天跳步跳步跳到最后就变菜了","type":"unstyled","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[],"entityRanges":[],"data":{}},{"key":"6c4ud","text":"但是适当偷懒还在于:那些不值得你过多耗费精力的重复可以适当放一放,而选择去做更重要的。但是前提是要搞清楚哪些东西是必须要做的,哪些是做了有很大意义的,而哪些是低功率的重复。低功率的重复并非毫无意义,过度练习是必要的,但是在精力有限的时候取舍也很重要。","type":"unstyled","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[{"offset":10,"length":33,"style":"BOLD"}],"entityRanges":[],"data":{}},{"key":"3d9uk","text":"……如果deadline就在明天,我们P属性的人,临时抱佛脚起来也是很狠的,很狠的!","type":"unstyled","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[],"entityRanges":[],"data":{}},{"key":"a0ron","text":"——","type":"unstyled","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[],"entityRanges":[],"data":{}},{"key":"96hf2","text":"最后一点,好奇心。","type":"unstyled","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[{"offset":5,"length":4,"style":"BOLD"}],"entityRanges":[],"data":{}},{"key":"3k9ea","text":"其实INTP是有一种天然的好奇心和对知识的好感的,还有一种宽容。无论怎么样,听听又何妨。不管应不应试,这是一套完整的知识体系,它并非毫无是处,恰恰相反,当今教育者为了把一套通识教育有效塞进我们脑子里,实在煞费苦心。","type":"unstyled","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[{"offset":2,"length":29,"style":"BOLD"}],"entityRanges":[],"data":{}},{"key":"eq3h0","text":"我一开始真的很讨厌应试教育,尤其我是格外崇尚自由主义的想法乱飞的人。可是出于好奇心和对知识的喜爱,最后我好像还是处理得不错。","type":"unstyled","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[],"entityRanges":[],"data":{}},{"key":"4n8f3","text":"读书会忘,不考试的东西会忘。可是被内化了的,成为自己知识体系和思想体系一部分的东西不会被遗忘。应试教育是真的死板,但是它也有那么一点点点灵活有趣的部分,而这部分有趣足以激起好奇心就够了。","type":"unstyled","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[{"offset":80,"length":9,"style":"BOLD"}],"entityRanges":[],"data":{}},{"key":"a6lhv","text":"应试教育很讨厌,但是教育本身还行。知识的搜集和模型理解本来就是我们喜欢的事。可以化枯燥为有趣,没必要放在对立面。","type":"unstyled","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[{"offset":38,"length":18,"style":"BOLD"}],"entityRanges":[],"data":{}},{"key":"6oc1j","text":"没了。谢谢阅读。","type":"unstyled","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[],"entityRanges":[],"data":{}},{"key":"59gdp","text":"以上提到的INTP全部参考我自己,个体偏差值无限大,就这样~","type":"unstyled","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[],"entityRanges":[],"data":{}},{"key":"g33s","text":"编辑于 2019-05-13 ","type":"unstyled","depth":0,"inlineStyleRanges":[],"entityRanges":[{"offset":0,"length":14,"key":2}],"data":{}}],"entityMap":{"0":{"type":"SEPARATOR","mutability":"IMMUTABLE","data":{}},"1":{"type":"LINK","mutability":"MUTABLE","data":{"href":"http://tieba.baidu.com/p/4969341204 ","url":"http://tieba.baidu.com/p/4969341204 "}},"2":{"type":"LINK","mutability":"MUTABLE","data":{"href":"/question/287143873/answer/680586451","target":"_blank","url":"https://www.douban.com/question/287143873/answer/680586451 "}}}}
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